Race, Racism & Inclusion in European Football

Chair on Race, Inclusion and Communication within the Erasmus School of History, Culture & Communication

Overview

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Global events and social movements, including those within football, have prompted renewed inquiry into the role of race in society. This project explores how racism is embedded in European football culture and how it impacts governance, player experiences, and fan communities. Europe’s central position in the sport makes it a powerful driver of cultural norms, offering both the challenge and the opportunity to push for greater inclusivity.

While anti-discrimination initiatives exist, systemic racism remains pervasive. This research seeks to examine the deeper mechanisms sustaining racial and ethnic inequalities, with the aim of shaping policies for a more equitable football environment.

This research is driven by the belief that football, as a global sport, can set a precedent for inclusivity and equality. Our work aims to contribute to an environment where diversity is celebrated both on and off the pitch.

Ongoing

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“It’s not just about the game, it’s about the culture that surrounds it”

Project Team

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Dr. T. (Teresa) de la Hera 

Researcher

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Dr. J. (João) Gonçalves

Researcher

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Key Goals

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Investigate why women and racially marginalised groups remain underrepresented in football leadership.

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Examine the nature of racial discrimination in stadiums, clubs, and online spaces.

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Understand what aspects of football culture allow racism to persist and how it impacts players and other stakeholders.

Methodology

Mixed Methods

Combining qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys for a comprehensive view.

Theoritical Lens

Applying Critical Race Theory and Cultural Studies to interpret findings.

Comparative Scope

Exploring patterns across governance, media, and on-the-ground experiences.

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Partners & Affiliations

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Relevant Resources

Understanding Racism in European Football Culture

FIFPRO World Players' Union report
How does racism manifests across European football?

One Rotten Apple or a Rotten Tree?

Football leaders’ perceptions of racism in European football.

Sports Media Professionals on Racial Stereotypes

Reflections on ethnic diversity and the persistence of stereotypes in sports media.

Feyenoord Podcast with Lis Camelia & Palesa Mashigo

"... Ken Je Dat Niet Horen Dan?"

A conversation on football, diversity, and lived experiences (Erasmus University Rotterdam)